Why is it important to protect a bird from direct sunlight during hot summer months?

Protecting a bird from direct sunlight during hot summer months is crucial primarily to prevent overheating. Birds have a high metabolic rate and limited means of dissipating heat. When exposed to direct sunlight, especially during extreme temperatures, they can easily overheat, which can lead to serious health issues such as heat stress or heat stroke. By providing shade or shelter, you help maintain a comfortable body temperature for the bird, ensuring its well-being and overall health.

While feather drying, digestion, and flight are essential aspects of a bird's life, they are not directly related to the immediate risks posed by excessive heat from direct sunlight. Therefore, the most critical reason for providing shade is to safeguard the bird's health by preventing overheating.