What does it mean to "preen" in the context of raptors?

Preening, in the context of raptors, refers to the process by which they maintain the quality and functionality of their feathers using their beak. This behavior is crucial for several reasons. Firstly, preening helps to redistribute natural oils that are secreted from the uropygial gland, located near the tail. These oils help to waterproof the feathers and keep them flexible and aligned properly, ensuring optimal aerodynamics during flight.

By removing dirt, parasites, and debris from their feathers, raptors keep their plumage in top condition, which is essential not only for flight efficiency but also for insulation and protection against the elements. Healthy feathers contribute to the bird's overall health, mating displays, and hunting success. Therefore, preening is integral to a raptor's survival and well-being.